These are two thoughts that are not commonly connected, but consider Harry Beck's brilliant innovation in creating in 1933 his
topographic map of the tube (pdf), which anyone familiar with London will recognise. It replaced Frank Stingemore's earlier map, drawn to geographic scale, which travellers found largely unusable, especially in inner-London.
Beck's fundamental insight was that train travellers cared less about geographic distance than about connectivity. His innovation has been adopted by metro rail lines around the world. Here is Seoul's (until the North Koreans eventually bomb it to bits):
And here is the very much more modest Sydney map:
HT:
Edge 330